Why is logic associated in philosophy?”
Logic is a tool for analyzing arguments. It’s the province of philosophy because it doesn’t belong to any other field; “philosophy” is a catchall for any sort of human study that we haven’t made rigorous enough to give its own field. Once something becomes solid enough, it’s taken away from the philosophers and given its own department, like “physics” or “biology” or “geometry”. Logic is in fact its own department these days, usually allied with mathematics, but the philosophers keep a hand in it because it’s the most important tool of their profession. Other fields have some sort of physical experiments then can do keep their progress on a track against the real world, but the fields still called “philosophy” have only thought-experiments. And logic is a mimic of thought. There’s a key distinction there. Logic is a formal, mechanical version of some of the ways in which our brains think about the world. It’s a wildly simplified on, but it seems to work very well under a lot of importa
