What is the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA)?
The Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) (5 U.S.C. 552) establishes a presumption that records in the possession of agencies and departments of the executive branch of the federal government are accessible to the people. FOIA, as amended, provides that the public has a right of access to federal agency records, except for those records that are protected from disclosure by nine stated exemptions. One of these exemptions allows the federal government to withhold information about individuals in personnel and medical files and similar files when the disclosure would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of personal privacy.