What Is Baud Rate?
Baud rate is the number which signal values can change per second. For example, 1200 baud means the signal can change its value 1200 times in a second. Bit per second, or bps is not necessarily the same as baud rate. If the voltage used to represent signal has only two values, e.g. +5v and -5v, then baud is the same as bps. If the voltage used to represent signal has more values, e.g. 0v, 1v, 2v, … ,7v, then each value of the voltage can represent 3 bits, then bps value will be 3 times of baud. Voice Grade Lines: Telephone lines were designed to transmit voice signals. It has an artificially cut-off bandwidth of 3 kHz (it does not mean that the physical wire can only carry 3 kHz signals, but all the equipments that go alone the telephone lines work at this bandwidth. One can do differently, but it will introduce incompatibility). Suppose we have a baud rate of b. • For 8 bits of data, the fundamental frequency F is b/8 Hz. (the process has to be repeated every 8 bits). The time requi
