Would a secondary exposure to cowpox rather than smallpox have produced as strong an antibody response?
Yes, the secondary response would be just as strong. The lymphocytes that were cloned following the first exposure have receptors that bind to the cowpox virus. It just so happens that the antigens on the smallpox virus are so similar to the antigens on the cowpox virus that they are recognized by these same lymphocytes. FIGURE 48.24 Survival of T cells in culture after exposure to HIV. The virus has little effect on the number of CD8+ cells, but it causes the number of CD4+ T cells to decline dramatically. Are the surviving CD4+ T cells any different than those destroyed? How could you be sure? Answer: If surviving CD4+ T cells are somehow more resistant to HIV, then the cell culture prepared from these survivors should not show dramatic declines in cell numbers after HIV infection. Self Test 1). The epidermis fights microbial infections by a). making the surface of the skin acidic. b). excreting lysozyme to attack bacteria. c). producing mucus to trap microorganisms. d). all of these
