Working with the victims of torture, what effect does torture have on individuals?
Torture is defined by international law as the use of pain – or the threat of pain – both physical and psychological, by persons in authority to gain information, extract confession, or for any other purpose. International law prohibits torture and cruel and inhuman punishment for any purpose whatsoever. Over the past 20 years, we’ve learned a lot about the short and long-term impact of torture on the survivors and society. We know that many, if not all, survivors have severe symptoms throughout their lives, including physical pain, depression, anxiety disorders, panic attacks, depression, suicidal tendencies, nightmares, intrusive re-experiencing of the trauma, paranoia, and so forth. These patterns are so well documented and consistently reported across cultures that many national courts accept their diagnosis as direct evidence of torture. How would you describe the repercussions of torture for society? On an individual level torture is about shame and humiliation. On a larger, syst
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