Will you be able to fire more powerful phasers as weaker phasers by using less power?
No (You would never want to use this anyways 🙂 E3.0 Disruptors Description by Randy “Disruptor (Klingon, Lyran): A finesse weapon, it does not do a lot of damage (about half of a photon), but fires every turn. Takes two points to arm, 4 to overload, cannot be held. Damage is variable, based on range, but averages 3-4 Std. or 6-8 Overload.” If overloaded disruptors are fired at 0 range the firing ship takes damage on the facing shield. This damage is called “feedback damage.
