Why won’t the commercial air industry accept 49 CFR certification within the United States?
You’re right; the 49 CFR governs hazardous materials by all modes, yet good luck finding an air carrier that will accept 49 CFR certification. The main reason is that most airlines are members of the IATA and therefore have filed variation in the IATA that they want carried out. The DOT has also filed State variations in the IATA that specifies compliance with DOT rules if certifying hazardous material by IATA. So, is the 49 CFR redundant by air? Maybe, unless you can find a small air carrier willing to accept a 49 CFR certification and is not a member of IATA.