Why were First Nation people in Newfoundland not registered under the Terms of Union, in 1949?
In 1949, Newfoundland and Labrador was the last province to join Confederation. There was no agreement between the province and Canada as to if, how or when the Indian Act system would be applied to the Innu, who live primarily in Labrador, and Mi’kmaq, who live primarily on the Island of Newfoundland. In the absence of such an agreement, coupled with the fact that there were no reserve lands nor federal treaties requiring reserve creation, the Indian Act was not applied. From the 1950s to the 1980s, Canada provided ad-hoc funding to the province for social and health programs for Aboriginal communities to the province; however over time, both the federal government and the First Nation population expressed a desire for a more systematic application of the Indian Act system.
In 1949, Newfoundland and Labrador was the last province to join Confederation. There was no agreement between the province and Canada as to if, how or when the Indian Act system would be applied to the Innu, who live primarily in Labrador, and the Mi’kmaq, who live primarily on the Island of Newfoundland. In the absence of such an agreement, coupled with the fact that there were no reserve lands nor federal treaties requiring reserve creation, the Indian Act was not applied.
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