Why not use X-rays or accelerated electron beams instead of nuclear material in irradiation facilities?
They do not have the same penetrating ability as gamma rays from nuclear material so have limited commercial usefulness. They will not penetrate much more than 2-4 cm, for example they could only be used with small particles of food, such as wheat grains. Accelerated electron beams produce some unwanted heat in the food, which also limits their commercial usefulness.
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