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Why is there an artificial floor and ceiling for the individual student results?

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Why is there an artificial floor and ceiling for the individual student results?

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We have an artificial floor to deal with students who answered almost no questions correctly on the ISA. The problem with allocating scale scores in these cases is that we have very little information (only any questions answered correctly) on which to base the scale score. This makes the measurement error very large for these scores and can cause some scale scores to fall below zero. Because this is a very difficult idea for parents to understand we impose an artificial floor of zero. This makes sense to the parents and also allows them to correctly interpret that their student has done very badly. In a similar fashion a student who has answered almost all the items in the test correctly cannot be given an accurate scale score because we do not know how much more they could have done had they been given harder items. Again, the measurement error for students receiving near perfect scores on a test is large and can cause highly inflated scale scores. We impose an artificial ceiling to

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