Why is the heir to the throne called the Prince of Wales?
The heir apparent has, since the institution of the title by King Edward I in 1301, usually been created Prince of Wales. Edward I led the conquest of independent Wales between 1277 and 1283. He subsequently proclaimed his son, Edward, born at Caernarfon in Wales in 1284, the Prince of Wales. There is no automatic succession to the title, which is only renewed at the Sovereign’s pleasure.