Why is the ERA’s legislative history alarming?
Because all proposed moderating amendments to the ERA were rejected by Congress at the time it was considered. Among those defeated amendments were the following: “This article shall not impair, however, the validity of any laws of the United States or any State which exempt women from compulsory military service” (Congressional Record, pp. S9317–S9337). “… shall not impair … any laws … which exempt women from service in combat units of the Armed Forces” (Cong. Rec., pp. S9337–S9351). “… shall not impair … any laws … which extend protections or exemptions to women” (Cong. Rec., pp. S9351–S9370). “… shall not impair … any laws … which extend protections or exemptions to wives, mothers, or widows” (Cong. Rec., pp. S9517–S9524). “… shall not impair … any laws … which impose upon fathers responsibility for the support of their children” (Cong. Rec., pp. S9524–S9528). “… shall not impair … any laws … which secure privacy to men and women, boys and girls” (Cong. Rec., pp. S9529–S9531). “… sh