Why is prenatal drug exposure a problem?
Because of their chemical dependency and lack of information about prenatal care, pregnant substance abusers are more likely than other women to have poor nutrition before and during the time they are pregnant. Many women also smoke cigarettes; the number one cause of poor birth outcome is smoking. Physical and sexual abuse of children with parents addicted to either alcohol or opiates is as high as 22% in one study of 200 families. If neglect was included, the incidence rose to 40%. Parents who must devote a major portion of their energy and financial resources to their habit have less left over for the child. Violence, disorganization and criminality in the family are more common. All of these factors compromise maternal health and place the developing fetus at risk.
