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Why immunoglobulin G alone can cross placenta?

April 26, 2017cross immunoglobulin placenta

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Why immunoglobulin G alone can cross placenta?

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IgG is an immunoglobluin monomer, meaning that it is one immunoglobulin that is small enough to cross the placenta. An example would be the Rh antibody that causes isoimmunization between Rh negative mothers and Rh positive fetuses. In constrast, ABO blood group immunoglobulins are IgM which is a pentamer, meaning it is composed of 5 immunoglobulins and is too large to cross the placenta.