Why doesn Luxembourg have a second series?
The Luxembourg Euro coins have had two changes in the years since production of the Euro coins began in 1999. These changes were the result of changes in mint locations for the Luxembourg Euro coins; from 1999-2004 and again in 2009-2010, coins were minted in Utrecht, Netherlands; from 2005-2006, coins were minted in Helsinki-Vantaa, Finland; from 2007-2008, coins were minted in Paris, France. The design of the Luxembourg coins calls for two mintmarks on either side of the dates on all the coins. When a Mintmaster Mark changes in any country where one is present (the Netherlands, France, now Belgium and formerly Finland are the only Euro coins that carry Mintmaster Marks), due to change in mint directors, a new series is not called for because this change is expected and immune to the protocols governing the design regulations for the Euro coins. In the case of Finland, Belgium and Spain, the overall scope of the design was changed when the coins became compliant with the EU recommenda
