Why does the existing test (HBsAg) not detect some infected units?
Some people who were infected with hepatitis B become life-long carriers of the virus. Some of these carriers develop chronic hepatitis B and suffer liver damage. Others simply carry very small amounts of the virus in their blood their whole lives without any harm, and are not even aware of it. The HBsAg test may not be able to detect this very small amount of virus. The anti-HBc test will detect the presence of an antibody to the core antigen. Supplementary tests for HBV DNA (viral DNA) and anti-HBs (antibodies to surface antigen) will then tell us if this donor still has a small amount of virus in their blood.
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