Why does Epstein-Barr virus express a non-transforming, truncated form of its oncoprotein, LMP-1?
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a human herpesvirus that infects greater than 90% of the adult human population. EBV is the causative agent of infectious mononucleosis and is associated with a number of human lymphomas and carcinomas. EBV infects resting human B-cells and establishes a latent infection. Latently infected B-cells enter the cell cycle, proliferate indefinitely, and thus are immortal. The Latent Membrane Protein-1 (LMP-1) is one of eleven viral gene products, and the only viral oncoprotein, expressed during viral latency in vitro. LMP-1’s expression is essential for EBV’s ability to immortalize primary human B-cells in vitro . A second promoter activated during lytic replication lies within the LMP-1 gene. Its activation gives rise to a protein that is identical to LMP-1’s major signaling domain. This protein is called lytic LMP-1 (lyLMP-1) due to its dramatic upregulation during EBV’s lytic cycle. Interestingly, lyLMP-1 does not share any of LMP-1’s known activities. I have
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