Why did the second triumvirate form?
The Second Triumvirate was the official political alliance of Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus (later Augustus), Marcus Aemilius Lepidus, and Marcus Antonius, formed on 26 November 43 BC. There were two five-year terms, covering the period 43 BC – 33 BC. The Triumvirate was created to cement politcal control and provide mutual political protection and aid for all three triumvirs in the years immediately after Julius Caesar’s death. The Triumvir also agreed to divide the provinces of the Republic into spheres of influence, allowing each to build a politcal and economic base against their enemies. Like the First Triumvirate, the Second Triumvirate was ultimately unstable and could not withstand internal jealousies and ambitions. Antony’s power in the East, combined with his affair with Cleopatra earned him economic and politial strength. Octavian turned public opinion against his colleague, making his will and intentions public. Rome was outraged at Antony’s favouritism towards Egypt, and
