Why did some Jewish leaders such as Adam Czerniakow oppose resistance?
The underground was at odds with those Judenrat leaders who believed that the ghetto would survive because of its economic utility. They did not accept the doctrine, practiced by Mordecai Rumkowski in Lodz and by many other Judenrat [Jewish Council] leaders, of salvation through work. Many Jewish leaders felt that acquiescence to German orders, even at the cost of the lives of a minority of residence would be sufficient to keep the larger ghetto population alive at least for a time. But not all Jewish leaders opposed resistance. The young leaders of underground movements worked in tandem with those Judenrat leaders who fully understood the implication of Nazi policy. In most ghettos the choice was stark: deportation or armed revolt. Either one led inevitably to death. In many small ghettos where armed revolt erupted, among them Starodubsk, Tatarsk, Kletsk, Mir, Lachava, Kremenets and Lutsk, few survived. In Czestochowa, Bedzin, Sosnowiec and Tarnow, Jews rebelled only on the eve of the
