Why deploy search-coil magnetometers on Svalbard?
The Svalbard region has for many years been an important locus for observational studies of Earth’s upper atmosphere and space environment. Because of its very high latitude and because of the offset between Earth’s geographic and magnetic poles, it is the only readily-accessible land mass in the northern hemisphere at cusp latitudes that experiences total darkness near noon for an extended period near winter solstice. Numerous optical instruments, ionospheric radars, and other instruments such as fluxgate magnetometers (measures DC magnetic field), riometers and total electron content (TEC) receivers, are located at various sites on Svalbard. Search coil magnetometers, which measure dB/dt, are typically sampled at a much higher rate than fluxgate magnetometers, and provide much better signal to noise ratios in the upper ULF frequency range, which includes Pc 3 and Pc 1-2 pulsations as well as the more irregular Pi 1 fluctuations. Each of these classes of ULF wave activity has in the p
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