Why can the correlation coefficient be used to judge the agreement between methods in a comparison of methods study?
Perfect correlation, i.e., a correlation coefficient of 1.000, means that the values by the test method increase directly in proportion to the values by the comparison method increase. However, a value of 1.000 doesn’t mean that the test method values are identical to those of the comparison method. Systematic differences can be present, e.g., the test method could be running 100 units higher than the comparison method, or the test method could be providing results that are only half of the values by the comparison method, yet the correlation coefficient could still give a value near 1.000. Because the comparison of methods experiment is performed to validate the accuracy of a method, the statistical analysis must provide estimates of systematic errors, not just the correlation or results.
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