Why can surgeons perform complex procedures such as cardiac surgery through 1-2 cm ports today?
A. Cardiac surgery requires an excellent view of the operative field and the ability to maneuver instruments within the chest cavity with precision and control. Surgeons historically have used the “open sternotomy” approach to heart surgery, which means splitting the breastbone, pulling back the ribs and typically results in a foot-long incision. This provides visibility and allows room for the surgeon to get his hands and instruments very close to the operative site. More recently, smaller incisions have been used to perform a variety of cardiac procedures. However, many cardiac surgeons feel the reduced access may limit visualization and may impede access to the operative field.
