Who writes the rules for shipping by air?
The rules are written by ICAO, which are called the Technical Instructions for the Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air. IATA is a trade association of airlines which takes the Technical Instructions and puts them in a format that is easy to use and understand. The IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations incorporate all of the ICAO Technical Instructions and some airline restrictions that are not defined by ICAO. As IATA member airlines use the IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations, this should be what air shippers are compliant with.