Who first found that Europas surface is ice-rich?
According to David Morrison in the introduction to the book “Satellites of Jupiter,” both Americans and Russians can lay some claim to the discovery. He writes: “Near-infrared photometry provided the first clue to surface composition; in a landmark abstract Kuiper (1957) suggested from limited data, never published, that Europa and Ganymede had water ice surfaces, and Moroz (1961) later came to the same conclusion from similar broadband infrared observations.
