Who Enrolled in Welfare-to-Work?
As indicated in the implementation report (Nightingale et al. 2002), many WtW enrollees in the study sites had characteristics often associated with disadvantages in the labor market: low levels of education, work-limiting health problems, and presence of a young child at home. In six of the sites, more than a third of WtW enrollees were high school dropouts (Exhibit II.2). For example, about four in ten of the enrollees in the Milwaukee, Ft. Worth, and Philadelphia sites were high school dropouts. Perhaps somewhat surprisingly, Phoenix a site that provided a rapid attachment WtW program had, at 55 percent, the highest rate of WtW enrollees that had dropped out of high school by the time they enrolled in the WtW program. Not surprisingly, the two sites that emphasized career advancement Baltimore and St. Lucie counties, which use the JHU model had the lowest rates of high school dropouts among WtW enrollees, at 15 percent and 17 percent, respectively. Work-limiting health problems were
