Which is more effective? Running uphill on a real mountain/hill or running on a treadmill?
Running outside is better – grass surfaces are not 100% flat so your body is constantly adapting to the differing surfaces and working harder than it would do on a flat treadmill. The only way to make treadmill running slightly more effective (if you are unable to run outside because of bad weather) is to set it to an incline of around 2.5.