Which important cardiovascular control reflex has an afferent component in the glossopharyngeal nerve?
ACCESSORY NERVE (CN XI) This is purely a motor nerve innervating the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius (neck) muscles. The nerve has a spinal part (cell bodies of the motoneurons lie in the ventral horn of C1-C5) that travels into the skull through the foramen magnum to join the IX and Xth cranial nerves and then exits via the jugular foramen. The cranial division arises from the nucleus ambiguus in the medulla. Clinical test: From behind, look for atrophy or asymmetry of the trapezius muscles. 1. Ask patient to shrug shoulders against resistance tests strength of trapezius muscle. 2. Ask patient to turn their head against resistance tests strength of sternocleidomastoid muscle (rotates head to opposite). Test both sides. Damage results in a lower motoneuron lesion that produces drooping of the shoulder and downward lateral rotation of the scapula. Upper motoneuron damage produces spastic paresis of the contralateral muscles. • What structures does the cranial division supply? • What i
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