Which factors can affect patient dose in cardiac interventions?
There are patient, equipment and procedure dependent factors. Patient factors include: body mass or body thickness in the beam, complexity of the lesion and anatomic target structure, radiosensitivity of some patients (ataxia telangiectasia); connective tissue disease and diabetes mellitus. Equipment factors include: setting done by the manufacturer on fluoro- and cine mode, appropriate quality control, existence of cine loop, last image hold, pre-selectable number of radiographic frames per run and virtual collimation. The main procedure related factors are: number of radiographic frames per run, collimation, the fluoroscopic and radiographic acquisition modes, fluoroscopy time, wedge filter, magnification, distance of patient to image receptor (image intensifier or flat panel detector), distance between X ray tube and patient and tube angulations. For further details please consult the references below.
