Which blood pressure component is most relevant for renal and cardiovascular risk, systolic or diastolic?
There is now consensus, based on the totality of the data, that systolic rather than diastolic blood pressure poses the greater risk for cardiovascular events and kidney disease progression. Against this background, it is relevant that in the KEEP study elevated systolic blood pressure accounted for the majority of patients with inadequate control. Male gender, non-Hispanic black race, and BMI of 30 kg/m 2 or more were inversely related to blood pressure control. What is the blood pressure target for CKD patients? According to the different guidelines published by the major kidney societies, systolic blood pressure should be lowered to values< 130 or 125 mmHg if greater than one gram/day of proteinuria is present. One has to be aware, however, that as a predictor of adverse CKD or cardiovascular events, office blood pressure may be inferior compared to ambulatory blood pressure measurement11. This issue is particularly relevant in CKD because of the tendency for nighttime blood pressur
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