Where can you find the number of shares outstanding on a company trading?
Companies do not trade below their market value by definition. The market value is the value they trade at. As for the number of shares outstanding. That information is published quarterly in the company quarterly reports. It is not published more frequently. If the company is actively repurchasinging its shares, the outstanding stock will be less than the published figure. If on the other hand the company is issuing stock to satisfy options, the amount outsanding will be greater than the published figure. Form most companies however there are millions of shares outstanding, so the published numbers are accurate within normally less than 0.5%. You can normally find the official numbers at the company web sites where the quarterly reports will be available and also by reviewing the 10k at the government site. As a side note there are companies that trade for less than their net asset values. These are closed end funds. Some actually trade at as much as a 15% discount. Many at a 6% or so
