Whats the cosmological constant?
The cosmological constant is essentially a mathematical term that Albert Einstein introduced into his general theory of relativity . It’s the possibility that there was something in addition to the regular gravity that holds the solar system together. Dark energy in some sense is a more modern version of the cosmological constant. It’s basically the same idea, and there is now observational evidence — which of course there wasn’t for Einstein — that it really is present in the universe.