Whats the balance between language learning and the other kinds of work (culture, literature, history, linguistics etc.)?
The exact balance between them depends partly on whether you’re learning one language from scratch and on which options you chose within each language, but in general in the first year the greater emphasis tends to be on language-learning, while after that the emphasis tends to shift more towards the other kinds of work. But it’s only a question of emphasis and the options you choose to study: you do both kinds of work throughout the course, and the two are closely connected.