What types of scientific qualification they have? What are their roles?
Most of the scientific staff working in Research and Development have got scientific or computing degrees (“graduates”). Many have a Ph.D. and have high level research and problem solving experience. Their roles are many and varied, but in very general terms experience graduates and most of those with a Ph.D. will be supervising less experience staff and some will lead research teams. The more experience scientists will tend to do the more complex and cutting edge science whilst less experienced ones (such as fairly new graduates) will tackle the more straightforward tasks. It is important to realise that a lack of formal qualifications does not stop a scientist progressing in their career. We have heads of departments and directors without a Ph.D.. It is experience, skill and ability that count.