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What types of neuromodulation are available for clinical use?

April 26, 2017clinical neuromodulation types

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What types of neuromodulation are available for clinical use?

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Using electrical or magnetic stimulation to alter neurocircuits in the brain is the core concept associated with neuromodulation. This is possible through a variety of device-based therapies, including electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), vagus nerve stimulation (VNS), deep brain stimulation (DBS), and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). ECT has been available for >60 years and remains the standard for therapeutic neuromodulation. In 1997, the Food and Drug Administration approved DBS for patients with neurologic disorders such as Parkinson’s disease and dystonic reactions. VNS is another way to alter activity in the central nervous system for treatment-resistant depression (TRD) and epilepsy. TMS has been used for moderately severe TRD. Only ECT and VNS have FDA-approved indications for specific types of depression. The FDA is presently considering the approval of a TMS device.