What timekeeping systems were and are used by railways in India? When did Indian Standard Time come into use?
Today Indian Railways, and indeed, everybody and every agency in India, observe Indian Standard Time (IST), which is defined as being 5 hours and 30 minutes in advance of UTC (formerly GMT) — and hence also denoted as UTC+0530. In certain time-zone maps, IST is also designated E* (pronounced ‘Echo-star’). There is only one time zone for all of India. India does not currently observe any form of daylight saving time or any other seasonal adjustments to the time (although daylight savings time has been tried in the past). In the very early days of railways in India, local time was observed at each large city, in common with practice in most other countries at the time. Bombay and Poona, for instance, had their own local times differing by about 7 minutes. There were anomalies too, such as Ahmedabad which strangely observed Madras local time. Because of their importance as administrative as well as commercial and economic centres, Bombay Time and Calcutta Time assumed special importance
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