What sessions are considered Active by ASH?
Any session (both foreground and background sessions) that is connected to the database instance and is waiting for a wait event that does not belong to the Idle wait class is considered an active session. Database sessions that were on the CPU at the time of sampling are also considered active. The column SESSION_STATE in V$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY should help identify whether a session was sampled because it was ‘WAITING’ for some non-idle wait event or it was ‘ON CPU’ at the time of sampling.