What science did the Probe instruments return?
The Probe conducted nine experiments, using six instruments and some engineering hardware (specifically the transmitters and radio receivers). The nine experiments were; an atmosphere structure experiment to measure the temperature, pressure and Probe acceleration; a nephelometer experiment to measure clouds; an experiment to measure the ratio of helium and hydrogen; an experiment to measure the radiation (light) in the atmosphere; a lightning detector; a mass spectrometer to measure what kind of molecules are in the atmosphere; a particle detector to measure the radiation above the atmosphere; an experiment to measure the winds on Jupiter by measuring the Doppler shift in the transmitter frequency; and an experiment to learn about the atmosphere by looking at how the transmitted signal is weakened by the atmosphere.
