What role does perception play in (a) expectancy theory, (b) equity theory, & (c) reinforcement theory?
• Except in reinforcement theory, perception do affect the fomer two theories: • Expectancy theory – the strength of a tendency to act in a certain manner depends on the strength of perceived outcome. • Equity theory – perception determines equity or inequity between inputs & outcome. • Reinforcement theory – this does not depend on perception, but on the actual reward for a certain behavior. R8. Explain the motivation implications of expectancy theory for management practice. • The key to expectancy theory is: • understanding an individual’s goal, • the linkage % effort & performance, • the linkage % performance & rewards, & • the linkage % rewards & individual goal satisfaction (i.e. the attractiveness). • The expectancy theory recognizes that there is no universal principle for explaining everyone’s motivation. D1. Would an individual with a high n Ach be a good candidate for a management position? Explain. • No. • Managers = the one in firm who directs deeds of others. • High achie
