What research methods do social gerontologists use, and what are the advantages and disadvantages of different methods?
In cross-sectional research comparisons are made between people of different age cohorts at one point in time. Cross-sectional studies are useful for examining age differences in attitudes and behaviors, but they cannot measure age changes. Longitudinal research, which follows the same individuals over time, is better suited for distinguishing between age, period, and cohort effects. Research on aging may be either quantitative or qualitative. Quantitative research relies primarily on survey data. Qualitative studies draw upon field research, in-depth interviews, and oral histories. Quantitative research is most useful for identifying large-scale trends whereas qualitative research provides insights into social processes and individual experiences. 6. What is ageism, and how is it perpetuated? Ageism is defined as stereotyping and discrimination against people on the basis of age. Stereotypes are a composite of attitudes and beliefs about people as a group. When people act on the basis
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