What problems did third world nations face?
They face tens of problems, connected with each other. I think the biggest problem of all countries like this is corruption, it is the root of all problems. Corruption prevents society from developing in all spheres, it is extremely hard to get rid of. Manus Manum Lavat.
Here’s an excellent opinion on world’s society further development http://planetaryproject.com/planet_project/philosophy/ , I find it very interesting.