WHAT PROBLEMS ARE CAUSED BY AMPHETAMINE AND OTHER STIMULANT USE DURING PREGNANCY?
All stimulants, even caffeine, can affect the mother’s sleeping and eating habits. These influence the mother’s general health and the growth and development of the fetus. The United States Food and Drug Administration has issued a warning about the possible adverse effects of caffeine on the fetus. Amphetamines used during pregnancy cross the placenta and affect the fetal heart rate and blood flow. Exposure to these drugs has been linked to brain abnormalities. Birth defects in the heart, urogenital system, and liver can occur. Cases of newborns suffering withdrawal symptoms have been reported. Studies suggest that children exposed to amphetamines before birth are very excitable. Women who are pregnant, considering pregnancy, or breast-feeding should not use amphetamines. A pregnant woman should discuss use of any stimulants, including coffee and nicotine, with her physician.
