What other changes occur with normal aging and cognition?
• Language (“The words, their pronunciation, and the methods of combining them used and understood by a community”) is modestly affected by aging. • Language comprehension (understanding the rules of language) is preserved, as are vocabulary (semantic memory) and syntax (the way in which words are put together). • Some modest decline is seen with spontaneous word finding (“tip of the tongue”) and verbal fluency (takes longer to “get the words out”). • While verbal intelligence (vocabulary) remains unchanged with aging, the speed of information processing gradually slows (such as problem-solving skills). • Executive functions (planning, abstracting) remain normal for everyday tasks, but are slowed when faced with novel tasks or divided attention (“multi-tasking”). • A slowing of the speed of cognitive processing and reaction time (“hitting the buzzer”) occur with aging. When is memory not so normal? Amnesia (“memory loss”) is not a part of the normal aging process. While it may take lon
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