What mineral problems might occur with the use of ethanol co-products?
Feedlot: There are two major mineral concerns with corn co-products. The first is the sulfur content which can be quite high depending on the product. Sulfur can also be present in the drinking water and other feed sources. The main problem is polioencephlemalacia (brainers). Hydrogen sulfide is produced in the rumen which effects thiamine production. Sulfur levels should be monitored. It is recommended that the sulfur content be no more than .4% of the dry matter intake from all sources (including water). The second mineral concern stems from the high phosphorous content of corn co-products. Unless very high levels of calcium are supplemented, an unfavorable calcium to phosphorous ratio (Ca:P) may develop. Urinary calculi (water belly) can develop in steers under these conditions. It is recommended that the calcium to phosphorous ratio be at least 1:1 to 1.5:1. Beef Cow: Similar to feedlot situations, sulfur could present a problem depending on the co-product used, the rate at which i
