What kinds of signalling and train working systems are in use in India?
[4/00] The absolute block system is the most widespread method of train working on IR. The block sections may be handled manually or automatically, or by some combination of those. Some sections still use different forms of physical token systems such as the Neale’s Ball Token instruments. Other than the block system some other special-purpose methods of train working are used in some circumstances. There are many old and new kinds of signalling systems used by IR. Many regions use lower-quadrant or upper-quadrant semaphore signalling (now with electric lamps for night operation, but formerly using oil lamps). Many routes have been fitted with (automatic or manual, 2-, 3- or 4-aspect) colour-light signal systems that are electrically operated. Apart from these FAQ pages, some extracts of the IR General Rules on train working are also available. AWS (Automatic Warning System), an in-cab signal warning system, is in place on many main lines, including New Delhi – Mughalsarai, parts of Ne
