What kinds of information does the scientist need before analysis is performed?
The more information that can be provided about an object the better. Information such as prior treatments (materials used, etc.), storage and exhibition conditions or other handling history can afford useful information about possible materials identification. Any information about possible components is also helpful. For example, you have a textile thought to have been traded to the US by Peru and you are interested in the red dye used on this textile. This information can help narrow the possibility of materials to look for in an analysis.