What kind of steel has the most distortion?
If the substrate needs to be hardened, air quenching steel will minimize the distortion. The material can be hardened at a slow quenching speed. Steel with smaller carbide particles will also help with distortion. A cold steel with both of these properties will produce the least amount of distortion. Cemented carbide has been known to have the least amount of distortion since it doesn’t have any phase transformation.