What kind of family–school communication makes a difference?
Research is clear about the kinds of parental involvement that lead to student learning. Henderson and Mapp (2002) analyzed 80 studies of parental involvement in K–12 schools. Some of their key findings provide clear guidelines for effective communication: • Family involvement that is linked to student learning has a greater effect on achievement than more general forms of involvement. • Family involvement that supports student learning at home is linked to improved student achievement. • Families of all cultural backgrounds and education and income levels can have a positive influence on their children’s learning. • Family involvement efforts that recognize cultural and class differences, address family needs, and build on families’ strengths are effective in engaging diverse families. Initiatives that focus on building respectful and trusting relationships among school staff, families, and community members are more likely to be effective in creating sustained connections that suppor
