What is Torus?
A torus is a bony outgrowth in the mouth. There are two types of tori: mandibular tori and palatal tori. As a general rule, a torus is not a major cause for concern, and no medical action needs to be taken when one is diagnosed, unless it interferes with a patient’s ability to eat or drink. If a torus does need to be removed, the surgery is usually performed by a maxillofacial surgeon. The growth is sometimes mistaken for a cancer when patients first discover it. In the case of a torus palatinus, the version which forms on the palate, the growth always appears along the midline of the palate. It starts as a small swelling which slowly grows into a bulging protuberance over time. The torus is not painful, and the patient will generally not notice it until it grows especially large or it is pointed out by a physician. Sometimes, the area around the torus will ulcerate, but otherwise the site is usually perfectly healthy. There appears to be a genetic component to palatal tori, although t
Torus is a new style of peer to peer communication that is designed with a couple of key features an concepts in mind. Torus’ largest enhancement over other peer to peer programs is its trust centric design. With most peer to peer programs, to download a file you connect to a central server (centralized design) and either download lists of available files, or a list of peers currently on the network. From there, your computer is able to search for files to download, locate a peer with the file, and download it. This method has some major problems. • Centralized Design – The compromise of the main server results in the compromise of all of the users IP addresses, if the main server goes down, then no user is able to use the peer to peer program. • No trust metrics – often with this style peer to peer program, you do not know the people that you are connecting to, or the owner of the main server. This means that you can not be sure if what you are downloading is truly what you asked for,
