What is the role of current ground-based navigation aids (ILS, VOR/DME, NDB, LORAN, etc.) in the future successful implementation of GPS technology?
A. The NAS currently provides several systems to support enroute and terminal area navigation, including non-precision approach. These include VOR with associated DME, TACAN, NDB, Loran-C, and GPS. The operational benefits of GPS/WAAS, especially increased routing flexibility and many more precision approaches, will motivate most operators of aircraft used extensively for IFR operations to equip with GPS/WAAS in the five to six year period following the availability of services. At that point, the current ground based systems – VOR, DME, and ILS – will become back-up systems for these operators. Since most aircraft will be navigating using GPS/WAAS, substantial reductions can then be made in the number of VOR/DME and ILS ground facilities. Maintaining the current VOR/DME system is expensive, thus, there is a considerable financial incentive to reduce the number of VOR/DME. As soon as GPS/WAAS avionics are available, operators are anticipated to begin equipping with it to achieve the as
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- What is the role of current ground-based navigation aids (ILS, VOR/DME, NDB, LORAN, etc.) in the future successful implementation of GPS technology?
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