What is the relationship between the Reserve and existing Fishery Management Plans?
Fishery Management Plans are developed by the Western Pacific Fishery Management Council. Management measures of the Reserve based on the Executive Orders apply to these plans and fishermen will adjust accordingly. Some or all fishing activities are restricted in the Preservation Areas, which make up approximately 4.8 percent of the total Reserve area. Five of these areas are completely closed to all fishing, while portions of the remaining 10 allow some extractive use. Outside of these Preservation Areas, fishing is capped at current levels. There are four fishery management plans which involve areas within the Reserve. The Bottomfish Fishery Management Plan has two limited entry zones in the NWHI: one with 7 permits (around Nihoa and Necker Islands) and another with 10 permits (the distant islands out to Kure Atoll). The total number of active vessels in the fishery has ranged from 3 to 13 (7 in 1998). The Crustaceans (Spiny and Slipper Lobster) Fishery Management Plan in the NWHI co
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